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asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 1 - general description the AK4554 is a low voltage 16bit a/d & d/a converter for portable digital audio system. in the AK4554, the loss of accuracy form clock jitter is also improved by using scf techniques for on-chip post filter. analog signal input/output of the AK4554 are single-end ed, therefore, any external filters are not required. the AK4554 is suitable for portable digital audio system, as the AK4554 is low power dissipation and a small package. features ? hpf for dc-offset cancel (fc=3.4hz) ? single-ended adc - s/(n+d): 80db@vdd=2.5v - dynamic range, s/n: 89db@vdd=2.5v ? single-ended dac - digital de-emphasis for 32khz, 44.1khz, 48khz sampling - s/(n+d): 85db@vdd=2.5v - dynamic range, s/n: 92db@vdd=2.5v ? audio i/f format: msb first, 2?s compliment (ak4550 compatible) - adc: 16bit msb justified - dac: 16bit lsb justified ? input/output voltage: 0.6 x vdd (=1.5vpp@vdd=2.5v) ? high jitter tolerance ? sampling rate: 8khz to 50khz ? master clock: 256fs/384fs/512f s/768fs (fs=8khz to 50khz) 1024fs (fs=8khz to 25khz) ? power supply: 1.6 to 3.6v ? low power supply current: 8ma ? ta = ? 40 to 85c ? very small package: 16pin tssop modulator mclk vdd vss aoutl ainl lrck sclk vcom ainr ? modulator decimation filter serial i/o interface common voltage sdto ? decimation filter sdti pwdan dem0 pwadn clock divider aout r 8x interpolator 8x interpolator ? ? dem1 low power & small package 16bit ? codec AK4554
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 2 - ? ordering guide AK4554vt ? 40 +85 c 16pin tssop (0.65mm pitch) akd4554 evaluation board for AK4554 ? pin layout 1 vcom a inr vss a inl vdd dem0 dem1 sdto top view 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 a outr a outl pwadn sclk mclk lrck sdti 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 pwdan ? comparison with ak4550 item ak4550 AK4554 power supply voltage 2.3 3.6v 1.6 3.6v vcom pin 0.45 x vdd 0.5 x vdd adc s/(n+d) (typ) 82db 80db adc input resistance (typ) 100k ? 70k ? adc psrr (typ) 35db 45db power supply current (typ) ad+da 10ma 8ma ad 5.6ma 4ma da 5.6ma 4.4ma dac digital filter stopband attenuation (min) 43db 54db passband ripple (max) 0.06db 0.02db group delay 14.8/fs 19.0/fs mclk 256fs/384fs/512fs 256fs/384fs/512fs/768fs (fs=8 50khz) 1024fs (fs=8 25khz) external circuit vcom pin 4.7 f + 0.1 f 0.1 f ainl, ainr pins rc filter is needed. rc filter is on-chip.
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 3 - pin/function no. pin name i/o function 1 vcom o common voltage output pin, 0.5 x vdd 2 ainr i rch analog input pin 3 ainl i lch analog input pin 4 vss - ground pin 5 vdd - power supply pin 6 dem0 i de-emphasis control pin 7 dem1 i de-emphasis control pin 8 sdto o audio serial data output pin 9 sdti i audio serial data input pin 10 lrck i input/output channel clock pin 11 mclk i master clock input pin 12 sclk i audio serial data clock pin 13 pwadn i adc power-down & reset mode pin ?l?: power down. adc should always be reset upon power-up. 14 pwdan i dac power-down & reset mode pin ?l?: power down. dac should always be reset upon power-up. 15 aoutl o lch analog output pin 16 aoutr o rch analog output pin note: all input pins except analog input pins (ainr and ainl) should not be left floating. ? handling of unused pin the unused i/o pins should be processed appropriately as below. classification pin name setting analog ainr, ainl, aoutl, aoutr these pins should be open. sdto this pin should be open. digital sdti this pin should be connected to vss.
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 4 - absolute maximum ratings (vss=0v; note 1) parameter symbol min max units power supply vdd ? 0.3 4.6 v input current (any pins except for supplies) iin - 10 ma input voltage vin ? 0.3 vdd+0.3 v ambient temperature (power applied) ta ? 40 85 c storage temperature tstg ? 65 150 c note 1. all voltages with respect to ground. warning: operation at or beyond these limits may results in permanent damage to the device. normal operation is not guaranteed at these extremes. recommended operating conditions (vss=0v; note 1) parameter symbol min typ max units power supply vdd 1.6 2.5 3.6 v note 1. all voltages with respect to ground. *akm assumes no responsibility for the usage beyond the conditions in this datasheet.
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 5 - analog characteristics (ta=25 c; vdd=2.5v; fs=44.1khz; signal frequency=1khz; sclk=64fs; measurement frequency=20hz 20khz; unless otherwise specified) parameter min typ max units adc analog input characteristics: (note 2) resolution - - 16 bits s/(n+d) ( ? 0.5db input) 70 80 - db d-range ( ? 60db input, a-weighted) 82 89 - db s/n (a-weighted) 82 89 - db interchannel isolation 80 95 - db interchannel gain mismatch - 0.2 0.5 db input voltage (note 3) 1.35 1.50 1.65 vpp input resistance 40 70 - k ? power supply rejection (note 4) - 45 - db dac analog output characteristics: resolution - - 16 bits s/(n+d) 75 85 - db d-range ( ? 60db output, a-weighted) 86 92 - db s/n (a-weighted) 86 92 - db interchannel isolation 80 95 - db interchannel gain mismatch - 0.2 0.5 db output voltage (note 3) 1.35 1.50 1.65 vpp load resistance 10 - - k ? load capacitance - - 30 pf power supply rejection (note 4) - 50 - db power supplies power supply current ad+da pwadn= ?h?, pwdan= ?h? - 8 13 ma ad pwadn= ?h?, pwdan= ?l? - 4 - ma da pwadn= ?l?, pwdan= ?h? - 4.4 - ma power down (note 5) pwadn= ?l?, pwdan= ?l? - 10 50 a power consumption ad+da pwadn= ?h?, pwdan= ?h? - 20 32.5 mw ad pwadn= ?h?, pwdan= ?l? - 10 - mw da pwadn= ?l?, pwdan= ?h? - 11 - mw power down (note 5) pwadn= ?l?, pwdan= ?l? - 25 125 w note 2. the offset of adc is removed by internal hpf. note 3. input/output of adc and dac scales with vdd voltage. 0.6 x vdd(typ). note 4. psr is applied to vdd with 1khz, 50mv. no signal is input to ainl/r pins and ?0? data is input to sdti pin. note 5. in case of power-down mode, all digital input including clocks pins (mclk, sclk and lrck) are held to vdd or vss. pwadn and pwdan pins are held to vss.
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 6 - filter characteristics (ta=25 c; vdd=1.6 3.6v; fs=44.1khz; dem1 pin = ?l?, dem0 pin = ?h?) parameter symbol min typ max units adc digital filter (decimation lpf): passband (note 6) 0.1db pb 0 - 17.4 khz ? 1.0db - 20.0 - khz ? 3.0db - 21.1 - khz stopband sb 25.7 - - khz passband ripple pr - - 0.1 db stopband attenuation sa 65 - - db group delay (note 7) gd - 17.0 - 1/fs group delay distortion ? gd - 0 - s adc digital filter (hpf): frequency response (note 6) ? 3db fr - 3.4 - hz ? 0.5db - 10 - hz ? 0.1db - 22 - hz dac digital filter: passband (note 6) 0.05db pb 0 - 20.0 khz ? 6.0db - 22.05 - khz stopband sb 24.1 - - khz passband ripple pr - - 0.02 db stopband attenuation sa 54 - - db group delay (note 7) gd - 19.0 - 1/fs dac digital filter + analog filter: frequency response 0 20.0khz fr - 0.5 - db note 6. the passband and stopband frequencies scale with fs (sampling frequency). fo r examples, pb=20.0khz(@adc: ? 1.0db, dac: ? 0.1db) are 0.454 x fs. note 7. this is the calculated delay time caused by digital filtering. this time is measured from the input of analog signal to setting the 16bit data of both channels on input register to th e output regist er of adc. this time also includes group delay of hpf. for dac, this time is from setting the 16bit data of both channels on input register to the output of analog signal. dc characteristics (ta=25 c; vdd=1.6 3.6v) parameter symbol min typ max units high-level input voltage 2.2v vdd 3.6v vih 70 % vdd - - v 1.6v vdd<2.2v vih 80 % vdd - - v low-level input voltage 2.2v vdd 3.6v vil - - 30 % vdd v 1.6v vdd<2.2v vil - - 20 % vdd v high-level output voltage (iout= ? 20 a) voh vdd ? 0.1 - - v low-level output voltage (iout= 20 a) vol - - 0.1 v input leakage current iin - - 10 a
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 7 - switching characteristics (ta=25 c; vdd=1.6 3.6v; c l =20pf) parameter symbol min typ max units master clock timing frequency 256fs/384fs/512fs/768fs fclk 2.048 - 38.4 mhz 1024fs fclk 2.048 - 25.6 mhz duty cycle dclk 40 - 60 % lrck timing frequency fs 8 44.1 50 khz duty cycle duty 45 - 55 % serial interface timing (8khz fs 33khz) tsck 1/(96fs) - - ns sclk period (33khz < fs 50khz) tsck 312.5 - - ns sclk pulse width low tsckl 130 - - ns pulse width high tsckh 130 - - ns lrck edge to sclk ? ? (note 8) tlrs 50 - - ns sclk ? ? to lrck edge (note 8) tslr 50 - - ns lrck edge to sdto (msb) tdlr - - 80 ns sclk ? ? to sdto tdss - - 80 ns sdti hold time tsdh 50 - - ns sdti setup time tsds 50 - - ns reset timing pwadn or pwdan pulse width tpw 150 - - ns pwadn ? ? to sdto valid (note 9) tpwv - 2081 - 1/fs note 8. sclk rising edge must not occur at the same time as lrck edge. note 9. these cycles are the number of lrck rising from pwadn rising.
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 8 - ? timing diagram 1/fclk mclk vih vil tclkl tclkh dclk = tclkh x fclk x 100 = tclkl x fclk x 100 1/fs lrck vih vil tlrl tlrh duty = tlrh x fs x 100 = tlrl x fs x 100 tsck tsckl vih tsckh sclk vil figure 1. clock timing tlrs lrck vih sclk vil sdto 50%vdd tdss vih vil tslr tsds sdti vih vil tsdh tdlr figure 2. serial interface timing tpw vil pwadn tpwv sdto 50%vdd tpw vil pwdan vih figure 3. reset & initialize timing
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 9 - operation overview ? system clock input the AK4554 can be input mclk=256fs, 384fs, 512fs, 768fs or 1024fs (fs is equal to or lower than 25khz when mclk is 1024fs). the input clock applied to the mclk pin as internal master clock is divided into 256fs automatically. when mclk is 1024fs, oversampling rate of d/a converter is au tomatically changed from 128fs to 256fs. the relationship between the external clock applied to the mclk input and the desired sample rate is defined in table 1. the lrck clock input should be synchronized with mclk. the phase between these clocks does not matter. *fs is sampling frequency. when the synchronization is out of phase by changing th e clock frequencies during normal operation, the AK4554 may occur click noise. all external clocks(mclk, sclk and lrck) must be pr esent unless pwadn=pwdan= ?l?. if these clocks are not provided, the AK4554 may draw excess current and may not possibly operate properly because the device utilizes dynamic refreshed logic internally. fs mclk sclk 256fs 384fs 512fs 768fs 1024fs 32fs 64fs 8.0khz 2.0480mhz 3.0720mhz 4.0960mhz 6.1440mhz 8.1920mhz 0.2560mhz 0.512mhz 16.0khz 4.0960mhz 6.1440mhz 8.1920mhz 12.2880mhz 16.3840mhz 0.5120mhz 1.024mhz 32.0khz 8.1920mhz 12.2880mhz 16.3840m hz 24.5760mhz n/a 1.0240mhz 2.048mhz 44.1khz 11.2896mhz 16.9344mhz 22.5792mhz 33.8688mhz n/a 1.4112mhz 2.822mhz 48.0khz 12.2880mhz 18.4320mhz 24.5760mhz 36.8640mhz n/a 1.5360mhz 3.072mhz table 1. system clock example for low sampling rates, outband noise causes s/n of dac to degrade. s/n is improved by setting mclk to 1024fs. table 2 shows s/n of dac output. fs mclk s/n(fs=8khz, a-weighted) 8khz 50khz 256fs/384fs/512fs/768fs 84db 8khz 25khz 1024fs 90db table 2. relationship among fs, mclk frequency and s/n of dac
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 10 - ? audio serial interface format data is shifted in/out the sdti/sdto pins using sclk a nd lrck inputs. the data is msb first, 2?s compliment. sdti(i) sclk(i) lrck sdti(i) sclk(i) 0 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 10 11 12 13 14 15 0 1 (32fs) (64fs) 014 1 15 16 17 31 0 1 14 15 16 17 31 0 1 15:msb, 0:lsb lch data rch data 15 14 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 15 14 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 15 14 0 15 14 0 don?t care don?t care sdto(o) 15 14 2 10 1514 15 14 2 1 0 sdto(o) figure 4. audio interface timing ? de-emphasis filter the dac of AK4554 includes the digital de-emphasis filter (tc=50/15 s) by iir filter. this filter corresponds to three frequencies (32khz, 44.1khz and 48khz). the de-emphasis filter selected by dem0 and dem1 pins is enabled for input audio data. the de-emphasis is also disabled at dem1 pin = ?l? and dem0 pin = ?h?. dem1 pin dem0 pin mode l l 44.1khz l h off h l 48khz h h 32khz table 3. de-emphasis filter control ? digital high pass filter the AK4554 has a digital high pass filter (hpf) for dc-offset cancel. the cut-off frequency of the hpf is 3.4hz at fs=44.1khz and the frequency response at 20hz is ? 0.12db. it also scales with the sampling frequency (fs).
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 11 - ? power-down & reset the adc and dac of AK4554 are placed in the power-down mode by bringing each power down pin, pwadn, pwdan = ?l? independently and each digital filter is also reset at the same time. these resets should always be done after power-up. in case of the adc, an anlog initialization cy cle starts after exiting the power-down mode. therefore, the output data, sdto becomes available after 2081 cycles of lrck clock. this initialization cycle does not affect the dac operation. figure 5 shows the power-up sequence when the adc is powered up before the dac power-up. idle noise the clocks may be stopped. a dc internal state pwadn 2081/fs normal operation power-down init cycle normal operation gd gd clock in mclk,lrck,sclk a dc in (analog) idle noise ?0?data a dc out (digital) pwdan normal operation power-down normal operation dac internal state ?0?data dac in (digital) dac out (analog) gd external mute mute on gd figure 5. power-up sequence
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 12 - system design figure 6 shows the system connection diagram. an evaluation board[akd4554] is available which demonstrates application circuit, optimum layout, power supply arrangements and measurement results. vcom 1 a inr 2 a inl 3 vss 4 vdd 5 dem0 6 dem1 7 sdto 8 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 aoutr aoutl pwadn sclk mclk lrck sdti AK4554 top view 0.1u + + rch in lch in analog supply 10u + controller system ground analog ground pwdan reset reset 0.1u mode control 1.6 3.6v figure 6. system connection diagram example notes: - when aout drives some capacitive load, some resistor should be added in series between aout and capacitive load. - capacitor value of vcom depends on low frequency noise of supply voltage.
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 13 - 1. grounding and power supply decoupling vdd and vss are supplied from analog supply and should be separated from system digital supply. decoupling capacitors should be as near to the AK4554 as possible, with the small value ceramic capacitor being nearest. 2. voltage reference the input to vdd voltage sets the analog input/output range. a 0.1 f ceramic capacitor and a 10 f electrolytic capacitor is connected to vdd and vss pins, normally. vcom is a signal ground of this chip. an electrolytic less than 4.7 f in parallel with a 0.1 f ceramic capacitor attached to these pins eliminates the effects of high frequency noise. no load current may be drawn from vcom pin. all signals, especially clock, should be kept away from the vdd and vcom pins in order to avoid unwanted coupling into the AK4554. 3. analog inputs adc inputs are single-ended and internally biased to vcom. the input signal range scales with the supply voltage and nominally 0.6xvdd vpp(typ). the adc output data format is 2?s compliment. the AK4554 samples the analog inputs at 64fs. the digital filter rejects noise above the stop band except for multiples of 64fs. the AK4554 includes an anti-aliasing filter (rc filter) to attenuate a noise around 64fs. 4. analog outputs the analog outputs are also single-ended and centered around the vcom voltage. the output signal range scales with the supply voltage and nominally 0.6xvdd vpp(typ). the dac input data format is 2?s compliment. the output voltage is a positive full scale for 7fffh(@16bit) and a negative full scale for 8000h(@16bit). the ideal output is vcom voltage for 0000h(@16bit). if the noise generated by the delta-sigma modulator beyond the audio band would be the problem, the attenuation by external filter is required. dc offsets on analog outputs are eliminated by ac coupl ing since dac outputs have dc offsets of a few mv.
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 14 - ? layout pattern example AK4554 requires careful attention to power supply and grounding arrangements to optimize performance. (please refer to akd4554 evaluation board layout pattern.) 1. vdd pin should be supplied from analog power supply on system, and vss pin should be connected to analog ground on system. the AK4554 is placed on the analog ground plane, and near the analog ground and digital ground split. and analog and digital ground planes should be only connected at one point. the connection point should be near to the AK4554. 2. vdd pin should be distributed from the point with low impedance of regulator etc. 3. the series resistors are prevent on the clock lines to reduce overshoot and undershoot. to avoid digital noise coupling to analog circuit in the AK4554, a 10pf ceramic capacitor on mclk pin is connected with digital ground. 4. 0.1 f ceramic capacitors of vdd-vss pins and vcom-vss pins should be located as close to the AK4554 as possible. and these lines should be the shortest connection to pins. 0.1u + rch in lch in analog supply 10u controller digital ground analog ground 0.1u 1.6 3.6v vco m 1 a in r 2 a inl 3 vss 4 vdd 5 dem0 6 dem1 7 sdt o 8 1 6 15 14 1 3 12 11 10 9 a o ut r aoutl pwadn scl k mcl k lrc k sdti AK4554 top view pwdan 10p reset &power-down mode control + + 51 51 51 51 51 figure 7. layout pattern example
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 15 - package 0-10 detail a seating plane 0.10 0.17 0.1 0.65 *5.0 0.1 1.05 0.05 a 1 8 9 16 16 p in tssop ( unit: mm ) *4.4 0.1 6.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 note: dimension "*" does not include mold flash. 0.13 m ? package & lead frame material package molding compound: epoxy lead frame material: cu lead frame surface treatment: solder (pb free) plate
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 16 - marking akm 4554vt xxyyy 1) pin #1 indication 2) date code : xxyyy (5 digits) xx: lot# yyy: date code 3) marketing code : 4554vt 4) asahi kasei logo revision history date (yy/mm/dd) revision reason page contents 04/07/28 00 first edition 05/08/08 01 spec change 7 switching characteristics tsck(min): 312.5ns ? 1/(96fs) or 312.5ns
asahi kasei [AK4554] ms0325-e-01 2005/08 - 17 - important notice ? these products and their specifications are subject to change without notice. before considering any use or application, consult the asahi kasei microsystems co., ltd. (akm) sales office or authorized distributor concerning their current status. ? akm assumes no liability for infringement of any patent, intellectual property, or other right in the application or use of any information contained herein. ? any export of these products, or devices or systems containing them, may require an export license or other official approval under the law and regulations of the country of export pertaining to customs and tariffs, currency exchange, or strategic materials. ? akm products are neither intended nor authorized for use as critical components in any safety, life support, or other hazard related device or system, and akm assumes no responsibility relating to any such use, except with the express written consent of the representative director of akm. as used here: (a) a hazard related device or system is one designed or intended for life support or maintenance of safety or for applications in medicine, aerospace, nuclear energy, or other fields, in which its failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result in loss of life or in significant injury or damage to person or property. (b) a critical component is one whose failure to function or perform may reasonably be expected to result, whether directly or indirectly, in the loss of the safety or effectiveness of the device or system containing it, and which must therefore meet very high standards of performance and reliability. ? it is the responsibility of the buyer or distributor of an akm product who distributes, disposes of, or otherwise places the product with a third party to notify that party in advance of the above content and conditions, and the buyer or distributor agrees to assume any and all responsibility and liability for and hold akm harmless from any and all claims arising from the use of said product in the absence of such notification.

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